Global Gridded Relative Deprivation Index (GRDI), Version 1

Abstract

The Global Gridded Relative Deprivation Index (GRDI), Version 1 (GRDIv1) dataset characterizes the relative levels of multidimensional deprivation and poverty in each 30 arcsecond (~1 km) pixel, where a value of 100 represents the highest level of deprivation and a value of 0 the lowest. Deprivation is a concept of multidimensional poverty, which encompasses a more holistic view of poverty because it attempts to account for the lived experiences of people and the multiple deprivations they face in their daily lives beyond their incomes (OPHI, 2015; UNDP, 2020). The input six components developed for each GRDIv1 pixel are: ratio of built-up area (BUILT), child dependency ratio (CDR), infant mortality rates (IMR), subnational human development index (SHDI), nighttime lights intensity for 2020 (VNL_2020), and nighttime lights trend from 2012 to 2020 (VNL_slope). Inputs were selected from the best-available data that either continuously vary across space or have at least administrative level 1 (provincial/state) resolution, and which have global spatial coverage. Data inputs were available in a variety of formats; therefore, they were first spatially harmonized using geospatial processing tools to derive an initial value per pixel; the input values were separately winsorized by a ratio of 0.05 in both ends of distribution and then indexed from zero to 100. The results were weighted giving a higher weight to the component with a higher initial resolution, then summed and divided by six (the number to components). Finally the results were indexed again from zero to 100 to produce the final index raster.