Analyzing Regional Energy Efficiency Trends: A Data-Driven Approach to Sustainable Urban Planning in the United States

Keywords: Energy, Urban Policy, Energy Efficiency
Abstract Type: Poster Abstract

Abstract

Improving urban energy efficiency is essential for advancing green cities and promoting sustainable development. However, accurately measuring urban energy efficiency presents significant challenges due to diverse methodologies and criteria across studies. Differences in data availability, regional climates, and economic contexts affect how energy use and efficiency are quantified. Some studies prioritize per capita energy consumption, while others focus on emissions per unit of energy used or renewable energy adoption. Additionally, infrastructure variations such as building types, transportation systems, and land use patterns make direct comparisons between urban areas complex. In response, this study pursues three primary research goals: (1) to identify which counties are the most and least energy-efficient, (2) to compare energy efficiency between urban and rural counties, and (3) to detect and analyze regional trends that could inform targeted policy interventions. To achieve these objectives, we compiled multiple datasets covering key factors, including total energy consumption, cooling and heating days, emissions, floorspace across sectors, and socioeconomic variables, drawing from sources like the American Community Survey, U.S. Energy Information Administration, and the Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model. Applying a spatial Durbin error model, we aim to analyze and interpret these data in ways that yield comprehensive insights. Ultimately, this research seeks to provide urban planners and policymakers with actionable recommendations, fostering evidence-based strategies for enhancing energy efficiency across both established and emerging urban areas. These insights contribute to a knowledge base that can empower cities to implement data-driven, sustainable energy solutions in the face of evolving urban challenges.