Informal and Non-formal Geography Education: A Discussion of Current Research and Future Directions

Keywords: geography education, informal education, non-formal education
Abstract Type: Paper Abstract

Abstract

Learning experiences outside of the classroom may offer students valuable opportunities to learn geographic concepts, geospatial technologies, and the connections of geography to their lives. This presentation examines common themes in research conducted on geography education in the informal and non-formal contexts as well as in the wider umbrella of informal and non-formal STEM education. Specific environments include youth organizations, after-school clubs, summer camps, museums, short-term workshop programs, and community or citizen science programs. Researchers have focused on a variety of approaches and topics including enhancement of motivation and interest, acquisition of learning concepts, and/or development of specific skills. There is also an increasing use of geospatial technology and interdisciplinary connections which may guide the direction of future research in informal and non-formal geographic education.